Medical Advances Essay - 1131 Words

Medical Advances Besides the computer revolution, medical advances have caused tension between faith and reason. The medical advances of the Twentieth Century have many beneficial effects for humanity. Diseases that used to be dangerous or life threatening, like mumps, measles, and whooping cough, are no longer worries in todays medical world. Tetanus, typhoid, and the bubonic plaque can now be treated with antibiotics or other medicines. Vaccines, especially the polio vaccine, freed many people from the effects of a disease. Advances in heart surgery and organ transplants have saved many lives. Anesthetics and painkillers have been made to reduce or eliminate pain during surgery or a painful disease. Advances in cancer and AIDS have†¦show more content†¦This will tremendously benefit farmers who raise livestock, and cloning of the superior animals will also make the food supply healthier and larger in this growing world. Other advances in medical technology deal with the preborn and postbor n babies and prolonging life techniques. Prenatal technology and obstetrics have allowed babies to be born as early as twenty-two weeks after conception. Life support systems have helped to prolong lives and have even supported people in comas who have woken up after many years. However, these medical advances have been questioned as to whether they really are advance. Many of these new medical techniques conflict with peoples faith in medical ethics and with their religious beliefs, especially Catholicism. A debate about the extent to which humans are allowed to play God to destroy, alter, or create life forms has risen. Most of the new controversial medical procedures have become accepteed in this impersonal, technological world, but many people do not believe these procedures are really progress. Many people believe that Church should be the driving force in the fight against AIDS. Robert K. Gray in Some Diseases Are Less Equal Than Others: The War Against AIDS (1990) states tha t the pulpit of the Catholic Church is the mightiest of weapons against the spreading of AIDS and against the hate that evolves for AIDS victims.(6) However, most people who have AIDS were contaminated by sinningShow MoreRelatedPharmacological And Medical Technology Advances1510 Words   |  7 Pagesevery day. Pharmacological and medical technology advances have prolonged life through the development of life sustaining therapies such as antibiotics, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), mechanical ventilation, feeding tubes and hemodialysis (HD). While prolonging life, it has also raised the question of quality of life and thus the need for end of life planning by individuals. Unfortunately, laws have been unable to keep pace with medical advances. There have been several well publicizedRead MoreAnimal Research And Medical Advances1187 Words   |  5 PagesAnimal research has played a prominent role in scientific and medical advances for many years. Due to the development of new medicines and treatments, people throughout the world enjoy a better quality of life. However, scientific and medical use of animals have been a subject of heated debate for many years. Those who support animal research and experimentation justify their stance based on the medical advances that improve hum an lives. Research is one of many purposes that humans use animals forRead MoreMedical Advances Essay1496 Words   |  6 PagesHealthcare science advances are imperative in keeping human beings alive on a regular daily existence. Over the course of 20 years, there has been a substantial increment in these medical advances to diminish the chances of disease. There are three vital and significant advances that have occurred over the course of recent decades, to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), diabetes and cancer treatment vaccines. These advances have had a positive impact in developed countries throughout the recentRead MoreAdvances in Medical Technology Essay2175 Words   |  9 PagesAdvances in Medical Technology Over the course of many centuries, medical technology has developed to a great extent. Studies show that recent equipment has evolved more in the last ten to twenty years than in the past thousand years. Before human time, people learned to treat themselves by just using natural substances. Now-a-days, our hi-tech systems in the medical field have been created for the most effective tools for a high level of patient care. While they advance the tools, it will thenRead MoreEssay Advances in Medical Technology1014 Words   |  5 Pages2008 Advances in Medical Technology Medical Technology has developed to a great extent over the course of many centuries. Since the days of Hippocrates, considered the â€Å"Father of Medicine†, advances in the medical field have brought us into a brave new world. With the advent and application of modern technology, the medical field seems to have evolved more in the last 10-20 yrs than in the previous 1000 years. Recently, new ground has been broken throughout the field, involving medical techniquesRead MoreTechnology And The Medical Field Advances875 Words   |  4 Pages Technology has been advancing throughout history. People life has changed. Most of the people now have longer lifespan than before. As technology advances, the medical field advances accordingly. With these advances, people can survive from deadly disease. For example, chickenpox was deadly before a vaccine was found. With modern medicine, many diseases became curable. However, DNA mutations diseases where it survive and passed through our DNA to many generation can be difficult to cure and trackedRead MoreMedical Advances During American History1195 Words   |  5 PagesMedical Advances in American History Medicine has been used since ancient times, but it has greatly developed through the centuries. Today, people have doctors, nurses, surgeons, therapists, and many other individuals in the health field. Society’s definition of a healthy lifestyle, and the way people live, has greatly changed, and it has given most people a new perspective on society s health. Before medications and doctors, people often died, or had no way to recover from illnesses and diseaseRead MoreMedical Advances Throughout History And History1164 Words   |  5 PagesMedical advances throughout history has provided people the safety and comfort of knowing that whatever illness befalls them, there is will be a treatment regimen that will bring relief. Vaccinations has prevented and nearly eliminated many childhood diseases. Maintenance medications provide a way for older adults to manage their chronic medical conditions. But there are some medical conditions that are also chronic, but with no cure available. One such condition is HIV, or human immunodeficiencyRead MoreTechnology Advances And Medical Devices For Consumer Use1448 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction As technology advances, medical devices are able to record increasing amounts of information. These devices are also becoming much more assessable to consumers than in the past. In Adam Tanner’s article â€Å"Health Entrepreneur Debates Going To Data’s Dark Side,† he discusses the company Safe Heart. Safe Heart is developing medical devices for consumer use. These devices are able to measure values like blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, and perfusion index. Being able to collect theseRead MoreThe Business And Social Media Side Of Medical Advances1132 Words   |  5 PagesCase Study # 1 The Business and Social Media Side of Medical Advances Introduction: One of the key themes of Biology 311 is the critical interplay between cell and molecular biology, medicine, business, patent law, federal regulatory agencies (e.g. FDA), defense, religion and many other aspects of our society that had little to no role in the world of cell and molecular biology as few as 10 years ago. The attached article appeared as the lead article in The Boston Globe on Sunday, August 23,

The Artificial Model Of Natural Selection - 1440 Words

The Artificial Model of Natural Selection Since Charles Darwin raised the concept of natural selection, all generations have been enlightened with the idea of the â€Å"preservation of favorable variations and the rejection of injurious variations [†¦] useful in some ways to each being in the great and complex battle of life (Darwin, 1). However, only the most recent generations have heard about something called genetic modification that in some cases we don’t understand, but whose effects have been increased in our daily life. The innumerable advances that science had reached in genetic aspects, made us think that there aren’t insurmountable limits to humans. At the same time it causes questions about the dangers they may offer in an increasingly, curious society. In general terms, Genetic manipulation refers to â€Å"any of a variety sophisticated techniques for the creation of recombinant DNA and, in many cases, its subsequent introduction into living cells.† (Das 1). It implies a fusion between the natural composition of pure matter and the implanted characteristics as a consequence of that which human beings consider appropriate to improve the kind. Thus, through a genetic management, human beings are trying to recreate a process of natural selection in which favorable conditions are preferred in the relationship of individuals with their environment, and allowing those conditions be incorporated over time. In animals Genetic engineering is a process that consists of insertingShow MoreRelatedThe Artificial Model Of Natural Selection Essay1866 Words   |  8 PagesThe Artificial Model of Natural Selection Since Charles Darwin raised the concept of natural selection, all generations have been enlightened with the idea of the â€Å"preservation of favorable variations and the rejection of injurious variations [†¦] useful in some ways to each being in the great and complex battle of life.† (Darwin, 1). However, only the most recent generations have heard about something called genetic modification that in some cases we don’t understand, but whose effects have beenRead MoreThe Artificial Model Of Natural Selection1883 Words   |  8 PagesThe Artificial Model of Natural Selection Since Charles Darwin raised the concept of natural selection, all generations have been enlightened with the idea of the â€Å"preservation of favorable variations and the rejection of injurious variations [†¦] useful in some ways to each being in the great and complex battle of life.† (Darwin, 1) However, only the most recent generations have heard about something called genetic modification that in some cases we don’t understand, but whose effects have been increasedRead MoreArtificial Selection And Natural Selection942 Words   |  4 PagesArtificial Selection is much different than natural selection but can have similar advantageous effects. Selection has profound effects on populations and has the ability to modify forms and behaviors of living things to the point that they look and act very unlike their ancestors. Artificial selection provides a model that helps us understand natural selection. It is a small step to envision natural conditions acting selec tively on populations and causing natural changes. (Takashi, 2014.) ByRead MoreThe Evolutionary Change Under Strong Selective Pressures1257 Words   |  6 Pagesprogress, it was not until the research of Dmitry K. Belyaev that we began to unravel the early stages of domestication. Assuming that these initial stages involved selection on behavior, Belyaev conducted an experimental study that placed strong selective pressures on tamability. Using the fox, Vulpes vulpes, as a model, this artificial selection developed an experimental population that expressed behavioral, morphological, and physiological characteristics of domesticated species (Belyaev 1969). UnderRead MoreThe Diversity Of Living Things1613 Words   |  7 PagesEvolution 1.Advantages of Artificial Selection: -It creates new genes for plants and animals. -Animals can produce more products ex. Pigs can be bred to be bigger in size; cows can be bred to produce more milk, etc. -Farmers and breeders will get better business. Farmers will be able to produce bigger and better plants, while breeders will be able to create new types of animals. -Can create stronger and faster animals and unlimited to the options of artificial selection, meaning you can combine whateverRead MorePersuasive Essay On Rights Of Nature1607 Words   |  7 PagesCedric Quintana Prof Cassidy Litle Eng 122-008 July 15, 2017 Rights of Nature We must take care of our environment by continually educating our youth on natural selection and the four laws of ecology, and supporting environmental movements that recognize the rights of nature. Impacts of climate change are increasingly felt by Earth’s inhabitants including us, humans. The current warming, which is only one degree Celsius, has affected different ecological processes such as â€Å"species’ genetics, seasonalRead MoreGenetic Algorithms And Its Applications Of Cyber Security1709 Words   |  7 Pagesof science and engineering as versatile algorithms for tackling functional issues and as computational models of common developmental frameworks. In the latest couple of decades, this procedure with advancement of cutting edge development has accomplished something new. Introduction: â€Å"Li [3] describes genetic algorithm as a family of computational models based on evolution and natural selection.† â€Å"Bobor [4] has defined a genetic algorithm as a programming technique, which mimics biological evolutionRead MoreCMGT556 Week 1 Individual Assigment Essay754 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Artificial Intelligence Vita Olmsted CMGT/556 - Enterprise Models June 24, 2014 Jeffrey McDonough Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the branch of computer science, which concentrates on the intelligence of machines, and involves applying the principles of reasoning, knowledge planning, learning, communication, perception, and controlling objects to emulate the human brain. The most recognizable AI application is robotics from Hollywood cinema, and includes films suchRead More Artificial Intelligence and Investing Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesArtificial Intelligence and Investing INTRODUCTION Artificial intelligence can be defined as the ability of a computer to perform activities normally considered to require human intelligence. The techniques of this intelligence include knowledge-based, machine learning, and natural language processing techniques. Investing can be defined as the act of committing money to an endeavour with the exception of obtaining profit. Investing activities require data identification, asset valuation (theRead MoreEconomic Dispatch : An Optimization Problem For Economic Intermitation Methods1494 Words   |  6 Pagesin the ED model. The MAED problem is much complex due to the practical operational constraints such as valve point loading effect(VPL), prohibited operating zones (POZ) along with tie power flow limit constraints, which make the system highly nonlinear. Therefore it requires a powerful optimization approach to solve these types of problems. Various bio-inspired algorithms have become popular to solve complex mathematical functions in the past decades [5]. The natural selection and meta-

Putting Capita Income Back Into Trade Theory -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Putting Capita Income Back Into Trade Theory? Answer: Introduction The present report provides an overview about the comparison of GDP, GDP per capita and economic growth between the two countries. The two countries selected for this study are Australia and US. Gross domestic product (GDP) refers to the monetary value of the final products and services that is produced within the geographical boundary of the nation for the specific time period. GDP has huge significance as it is considered as one of the vital indicators of economic performance and standard of living of a particular nation (Gillespie, 2014). The GDP of a country fluctuates owing to business cycle while various macroeconomic indicators including inflation rate, unemployment rate varies owing to fluctuation in GDP growth rate. Economic growth indicates rise in inflation adjusted value of products and service manufactured by the nation and is conventionally measured in terms of real GDP. Moreover, economic growth rate of the country is basically compared using ratio of GDP to the per ca pita income. The differences and similarities between these selected nations have been analyzed in this report using PPF (Production Possibility Frontier) concept, GDP accounting method and the business cycles. GDP, GDP Per capita and economic growth rate of Australia and US during 2012-2016 Economic growth The economy of Australia has experienced unremitting growth and featured with low inflation as well as unemployment rate, low public debt and stable financial system during the year 2012-2016. During this period, this nation had experienced high economic growth with respect to the last 20 years and hence has been averaged to 3.5% per year. This nation had remained unaffected by GFC (global financial crisis) since the banking system was strong and the inflation rate was under control. The economic growth of this nation during this period has been mainly due to rise in terms of trade (TOT), diverse natural resources attracting increased levels of FDI (foreign direct investment) and minimal restrictions on the imports of products and services. In addition, this procedure of opening up also increased total productivity, which in turn stimulated this nations economic growth (Lewis, 2013). However, this made the nation highly flexible and dynamic. During this period 2012-2016, the economic growth of US measured in terms of real GDP grew by near about 2% -3%. In the year 2012, this nation had created more than 2.17 million jobs, the inflation rate had also remained low at 1.9% and even the value of dollar had also remained low (Summers, 2014). In fact, the Federal Reserve had also kept the interest rate low, which in turn increased the flexibility of the US firms. However, all these indicators reflect that the economic growth of US had increased during this period. GDP The GDP of US refers to the products and services manufactured within the boundary despite whether the organization is international or the individual offering the service is their citizen (Jorgenson, Gollop Fraumeni, 2016). The GDP of US during the period 2012-2016 has reflected continuous increase thereby reaching the highest in 2016 at $18624.48 USD billion. Although the GDP of this nation lowered during the period 2008-2009 owing to financial crisis, it recovered during the expansion phase if business cycle. In the year 2016, this economy had been recorded as the biggest trading country and the second largest producer in the globe. On the contrary, though Australia has been recorded for the uninterrupted GDP growth rate in the longest run around the globe, the GDP of this country reflected slight fluctuation from the year 2012 to 2016, reaching all time high in the year 2016 at $1567.18 USD billion. Moreover, this economy had shown huge resilience to GFC (global financial crisis ) and was one of the developed nations whose GDP recorded positive in 2009. In 2016, this country was ranked as the 14th biggest economy as measured by nominal GDP, 20th largest in terms of PPP- adjusted GDP and 25th biggest as accounted by exporter as well as importer of goods. The GDP of Australia and the US has been shown in the diagram below: GDP Per Capita GDP per capita is another indicator that helps in analyzing the economic health of the countries. GDP per capita signifies the measurement of total output of the nation that is evaluated by the ratio of GDP to the total number of persons living in the country (Markuse, 2013). This macroeconomic indicator is mainly useful for comparing the total productivity between the two countries. The GDP per capita in US highlights increasing trend during the period 2012-2016, the highest being recorded at 52194.9 US dollars in the year 2016. Moreover, GDP per capita in Australia has also reflected rising trend from 2012 to 2016, the highest being recorded at 55670.9 dollar. This reflects that the Australian workers were more productive as compared to the workers in US in account of output per hour . This productivity gap has the basic determinant of the income gap between the US and Australia (Rios, McConnell Brue, 2013). The main reason behind these productivity gap are relative factor intens ities, product differences, policies in labor market and other divergence between geographic as well as historical context. Relative factor intensities indicate the average human capital level and regulations in labor market. As labor is the only input for production, data reflects that labor productivity in US was lower than that of Australia since US used more labor intensive methods of production. Moreover, advancement of new technology, competition and rationalization also led to rise in productivity level in Australia as compared to US (McLean, 2012). The productivity level in US declined owing to great recession as it adversely affected their labor market while the labor market of Australia was not least affected by this recession. Thus, although US has started to recover from recessionary period, its productivity was low with respect to Australia that is measured in terms of GDP per capita. Production possibility Frontier PPF also known as production possibility frontier usually signifies the point at which the nations economy has been efficiently manufacturing their products and services and thus allocating resources in best possible way. Economic growth is also defined as the rise in total output by the economy if it uses all scarce resources. However, rise in nations output is mainly shown by outward shift in the PPF (Sloman, Norris Garrett, 2013) . This outward shift means the nation has increased their total capacity in producing products. As the quantity of labor is another factor that contributes to economic growth, raise in total population shifts the PPF curve outwards. Both the US and Australia has changed their immigration policy in order to increase their labor force, which shifts the PPF curve outward. Therefore, this increase in labor force increases the human capital, which in contributes to productive economic activities. Hence, the PPF curve of both these nations reflects high econom ic growth. GDP accounting methods There three various ways of accounting GDP, which includes- income approach, production approach and expenditure approach. In case of Australia, income, production and expenditure estimates are usually integrated within the annual balanced supply. The reason for using national accounts is to provide time series of production aggregates as well as expenditure that are free of impact of price change (Taussig, 2013). The ABS ( Australian Bureau of Statistics) derived estimation of constant price as means of estimating variation in volume of aggregates. Moreover, they also measure the GDP value in every period by applying equal unit prices. On the other hand, in US the most important method used in estimating GDP is the expenditure method. In this method, the GDP is calculated by the summation of total consumption, government expenditure, investment and net exports. Business cycles Business cycle also known as economic cycle refers to the downward as well as upward movement of GDP around their long term trend in growth. It is usually measured by taking into account real GDP growth rate. There are mainly five phases if business cycle such as- expansion, peak, recession, trough and recovery (Gal, 2015). In expansion phase, the economy grows at increasing rate. At peak, the economy increases more than 3%. At recession, the economy slows down but does not become negative. At Trough, the economic moves into recession and at last in recovery stage the economy again increases. The government of the respective nation manages the business cycle. The policymakers of these two nations implements fiscal as well as monetary policies for influencing the economy. During this period 2012-2016, both the US and the Australian economy existed in expansion phase, where the economy grows at stable rate. Conclusion The above report reflects that the US economy has slightly better economic health as compared to the Australia during this period 2012-2016. Although the GDP and economic growth of US reflects better economic performance than Australia during this period, the GDP per capita highlights that Australia had higher productivity than US. Overall, both these economies are prevailing at expansionary stage of business cycle and are moving towards peak. Reference Australia GDP | 1960-2018 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast | News. (2018).Tradingeconomics.com. Retrieved 23 January 2018, from https://tradingeconomics.com/australia/gdp Gal, J. (2015).Monetary policy, inflation, and the business cycle: an introduction to the new Keynesian framework and its applications. Princeton University Press. Gillespie, A. (2014).Foundations of economics. Oxford University Press, USA. Jorgenson, D., Gollop, F. M., Fraumeni, B. (2016).Productivity and US economic growth(Vol. 169). Elsevier. Lewis, W. A. (2013).Theory of economic growth(Vol. 7). Routledge. Markusen, J. R. (2013). Putting per-capita income back into trade theory.Journal of International Economics,90(2), 255-265. McLean, I. W. (2012).Why Australia prospered: The shifting sources of economic growth. Princeton University Press. Rios, M. C., McConnell, C. R., Brue, S. L. (2013).Economics: Principles, problems, and policies. McGraw-Hill. Sloman, J., Norris, K., Garrett, D. (2013).Principles of economics. Pearson Higher Education AU. Summers, L. H. (2014). US economic prospects: Secular stagnation, hysteresis, and the zero lower bound.Business Economics,49(2), 65-73. Taussig, F. W. (2013).Principles of economics(Vol. 2). Cosimo, Inc.. United States GDP | 1960-2018 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast | News. (2018).Tradingeconomics.com. Retrieved 23 January 2018, from https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/gdp